California Under the Influence of GHB Law

In California, GHB (Gamma Hydroxybutyrate) is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance, making its possession without a valid prescription illegal. GHB possession in California is prohibited without proper authorization. This stems from concerns about GHB’s potential misuse, especially given its association with “date rape” incidents.

What Does Being Under the Influence of GHB Mean in California Law?

The term “under the influence” in California’s legal framework, especially when related to controlled substances like GHB, holds significant weight. The definition includes a broad range of physiological, cognitive, and behavioral impacts brought about by the consumption of such substances.

Physiological Impacts

Upon consumption, GHB can influence the central nervous system, leading to potential sedative, euphoric, or even anxiolytic effects. These effects can manifest as:

• Reduced Motor Coordination: An individual might exhibit difficulty in tasks that require fine motor skills. This includes struggling with tasks such as picking up small objects or even larger challenges like maintaining balance.
• Altered Heart Rate or Blood Pressure: The consumption of GHB can lead to fluctuations in an individual’s heart rate or blood pressure, which might be detectable by medical examinations.

Cognitive Impacts

GHB can considerably impact one’s cognitive functions. Being under its influence might lead to:

• Impaired Judgment: Decision-making processes can be compromised, leading the individual to take unnecessary risks or make choices they wouldn’t under normal circumstances.
• Memory Lapses: GHB can induce short-term memory blackouts, where the individual might not remember periods after consuming the drug.

Behavioral Manifestations

To a trained eye, especially law enforcement, certain behavioral traits can be indicative of GHB influence:

• Erratic Behavior: This can range from sudden outbursts of emotion, whether euphoric or depressive, to unpredictable physical actions that seem out of character for the individual.
• Slowed Reaction Time: If a person under the influence is faced with a situation requiring a rapid response, their ability to react might be noticeably slower.

Detection by Law Enforcement

On the frontline, officers use a combination of observational skills and tools to establish impairment:

• Field Sobriety Tests: Similar to those used for suspected DUI cases, these tests can gauge balance, attention, and other physical and cognitive attributes of an individual.
• Observable Symptoms: Apart from the common symptoms like slurred speech or unsteady movement, officers might also look for more nuanced signs. These include an inability to follow a conversation, confusion, or even aggressive behavior.

In the context of California law, the broad scope of “being under the influence” is designed to capture any scenario where an individual’s usual capacities are compromised due to drug consumption. This makes them a potential danger to themselves and others.

Can I Be Charged With Being Under the Influence of GHB and Have a Valid Prescription?

In the Golden State, the line between medical necessity and potential misuse, even with a legitimate prescription, can sometimes blur, particularly when it comes to potent drugs like GHB. Here’s a detailed look at the complexities surrounding this issue.

Legitimate Medical Use

GHB, also known under its medical name, Sodium Oxybate, is sometimes prescribed for certain medical conditions. One of its FDA-approved uses is to treat narcolepsy, specifically a symptom called cataplexy, which causes sudden muscle weakness. Patients who are prescribed GHB for medical reasons have a genuine need for the drug and are expected to adhere to the dosing and consumption guidelines provided by their healthcare professional.

Criminal Charges and Impairment

Regardless of a valid prescription, the law primarily concerns itself with public safety. So, if an individual is found operating a vehicle or machinery or undertaking any activity where their impairment could endanger themselves or others, they might be charged. An individual can be charged even if they have a valid GHB prescription. The core issue is not the consumption of GHB but the level of impairment and the potential risk it poses.

Impact of the Prescription in Legal Proceedings

Having a valid prescription could play a significant role in the defense:

• Valid Defense: In court, the prescription might serve as evidence that the individual was not illicitly consuming the drug, which could change the nature of the charges. It provides a legal reason for the drug’s presence in one’s system.
• Mitigating Circumstances: Even if the prescription doesn’t prevent a conviction, it could serve as a mitigating factor during sentencing. Courts might consider the genuine medical need and the possibility that the defendant was unaware of the extent of their impairment.
• Educative Intervention: In some cases, the incident might highlight that the patient was not adequately informed about the potential effects of the drug, especially when combined with other substances or medications. This could lead to a push for better patient education or even an adjustment in dosage.

The Importance of Personal Responsibility

It’s important for patients to understand that having a prescription doesn’t grant permission to consume the medication without regard to its effects. The responsibility lies both with the medical professionals to adequately inform their patients and with the patients to ensure they are not putting themselves or others at risk when under the influence of the drug.

What Is the Punishment for Being Under the Influence of This Drug?

Being under the influence of GHB in California is a misdemeanor offense under Health and Safety Code 11550 HS. The punishment for this crime may include:

• Up to one year in county jail;
• A fine of up to $1,000;
• Probation;
• Drug counseling or education;
• Community service.

If you are facing this charge, you should consult with an experienced criminal defense lawyer who can help you fight the case and protect your rights.

What Are the Possible Defenses I Can Use to Fight This Criminal Charge?

Several defenses can be used against a charge of being under the influence of GHB in California. These might include:

Not Under the Influence of GHB

Challenging the primary accusation, this defense centers on proving that the individual wasn’t under the influence at the time of the arrest. Evidence might include:

• Time-Related Evidence: Timestamps from receipts or video footage that confirm the person had not consumed GHB within a timeframe that would lead to noticeable impairment.
• Physiological Data: Medical evidence suggesting that the individual’s metabolism wouldn’t have processed the GHB to produce any significant effects at the time.

Symptoms Due to Other Conditions

It’s not uncommon for symptoms like dizziness or slurred speech to be related to medical conditions such as diabetes or hypoglycemia. These symptoms could also arise from legally-prescribed medications:

• Medical Records: Providing evidence that the individual has a medical condition that mirrors the effects of GHB.
• Medication Documentation: Showing that the individual was on medications that could produce similar side effects.

Involuntary Consumption of GHB

If an individual was secretly administered GHB, it provides a potential defense:

• Witness Accounts: Testimonies that saw the individual being administered a substance without their consent or knowledge.
• Behavioral Evidence: Demonstrating that the individual showed no intention or awareness of GHB consumption.

Valid Prescription for GHB

Having a prescription for GHB (used to treat conditions like narcolepsy) can be pivotal:

• Prescription Proof: Displaying documents or records of a valid GHB prescription.
• Physician Testimony: A statement from the doctor explaining the necessity and correct usage of GHB for the individual.

Procedural Errors During Arrest

An arrest that doesn’t adhere to legal procedures can lead to case dismissal:

• Arrest Protocol: Assessing the arrest procedure for any rights violations or lack of probable cause.
• Evidence Examination: Ensuring blood test samples were accurately handled, stored, and processed.

Alternative Sentencing Consideration

For first-time offenders or those willing to reform, there are alternative sentences to consider:

• Rehabilitation Enrollment: Participation in drug rehabilitation as evidence of the commitment to change.
• Therapy Engagement: Undergoing therapy or counseling to address the root causes of the issue.

It’s crucial that each defense is prepared meticulously, supported by relevant evidence, and presented strategically in court with the help of a California attorney.

Should I Contact a Lawyer About This Charge?

Absolutely. Facing a charge related to GHB can have consequences on your personal and professional life. A knowledgeable California attorney, specifically one with experience in drug-related cases, can guide you through the legal process, evaluate the evidence, and propose the best defense strategy.

If you’re in this situation, it’s recommended to seek representation immediately. Contact a reputable California drug lawyer through LegalMatch to ensure your rights are protected and to explore your best options moving forward.