Child support in Arkansas should be paid until the child turns 18 or graduates from high school, whichever comes later. The order that a court issues requiring the payment of child support may state a different date when the paying parent may stop child support. If that is the case, the court order determines what should happen. A person should obey a court order.
What a person should not do is stop making child support payments without a court order that authorizes them to stop paying. If a person believes that their child support order should be modified, for example, because circumstances have changed, they must first go to court to request modification of the court order.
Even if a court order states a date when child support should end, to bring child support to an end in Iowa, the noncustodial parent must submit a “Motion to Terminate the Income Withholding Order” to the court. The court then holds a hearing to decide if child support should be terminated.
Or, if a person believes that the facts of their situation justify terminating their child support obligation, e.g., because the child now lives with the parent paying the support to the other, they should also go to court. A local attorney in Arkansas should be able to help a person with this.
When Is Child Support Ordered?
In some cases, the duty to pay child support arises from an Arkansas divorce, as noted above. Or it may arise from a legal separation. A court may issue a child support order at the end of a paternity suit when the father of a child who is not married to the child’s mother seeks custody or visitation. Or a mother who is not married to her child’s father may ask a court to order the father to pay child support.
Whatever the type of case in which a child support order is made, as noted above, a child support order is legally binding on the parent who is ordered to pay support. There are negative consequences and penalties for failing to pay child support when a court in Iowa orders it.
In Arkansas, child support payments are made by a parent who does not have custody to the parent who does have custody. In calculating child support, an Arkansas court refers to the state’s support guidelines, as noted above. A custodial parent does not pay support because it is assumed that they pay financial support for their child as a natural consequence of the child living with them.
In making decisions about child support, an Arkansas court considers the following factors:
- The child’s best interest standard and what would serve the best interest of the child
- The type of custody arrangement that the parents have, e.g., whether it is joint or sole
- The age of the child or children on whose behalf the support is paid
- The total number of children each of the parents has
- The income of each parent
- Additional childcare expenses.
In some circumstances, a noncustodial parent may also have to pay retroactive child support in Iowa. For example, the child might have lived with one parent while their divorce was in progress, and the parent who did not have custody did not pay any support. If that is the case, when the divorce is finalized, a court might order the noncustodial parent to pay child support for this past period of time.
How Is a Child Support Award Enforced?
Federal law requires that all states have a program to enforce child support obligations. Iowa’s program is the Arkansas Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE). It offers help to parents with getting or paying child support free of charge. A custodial parent must apply to the OCSE for its services. Child support orders are not automatically sent to the OCSE when they are issued by a court.
The OCSE offers a range of services to custodial parents who need child support, as follows:
- The state can locate parents whose whereabouts are unknown.
- The state can help establish paternity.
- The state can help a custodial parent obtain child support in court.
- The state enforces existing support orders by collecting support and distributing it to the parent to whom it is owed.
The OCSE usually begins with letters to the paying parent in an attempt to collect past-due support before any other enforcement actions begin. If this effort is not successful, other measures used to collect child support owed are as follows:
- Charging interest on support payments that are past due
- Increasing the amount that the agency withholds from a person’s paycheck
- Setting up a payment plan
- Intercepting federal and state tax refunds
- Intercepting winnings from sports betting
- Denying loans, grants, or passports
- Placing liens on property.
How Can I Avoid a Child Support Increase?
A person may be curious as to whether the law entitles them to a change in their child support award. If this is the case, they may want to talk to an Arkansas family law attorney to determine what their potential obligation could be.
It is important to note that the Arkansas child support guidelines do not automatically adjust an award of child support. A parent who wants an increase or a decrease would have to petition the court to modify their support order. Another possible approach is for the 2 parents to negotiate an increase or decrease.
How Can I Stop Paying Child Support?
In some situations, a person might be able to end their child support obligation and get a court to order it. For example, if the child in question should start living with the noncustodial parent, that parent should go to court and ask for a change. They would no longer need to pay child support to the parent who has become the noncustodial parent. This is one of several reasons to close a child support case.
One thing a person does not want to do is to just stop paying child support unless they are confident that, legally, their obligation to pay it has come to an end. They want to go to court and have the court modify the amount of child support they pay or order it to end.
Generally, in Arkansas, a child support obligation terminates if any of the following events take place:
- The child dies.
- The child is legally emancipated.
- A court terminates a parent’s rights.
- The child becomes self-supporting, and the custodial parent relinquishes parental control.
- The child reaches the age of 18 or 19 if the child is still in high school when they turn 18.
Arkansas law allows child support payments to continue until the child graduates from high school.
The unemployment of the parent who pays child support might justify ending the support obligation under some circumstances. If a person should lose their job and it is beyond their power to land other employment, then they would need to petition the court to modify the child support immediately.
The job loss would have to be significant and lasting. For example, the person may have been injured or now suffers from a disability that significantly affects their earning capacity. The person would want to seek modification of their child support obligation in this case.
Do Child Support Payments End Automatically?
A valid court order may state when child support should come to an end, e.g., because the child in question reaches the age of 18 or 19 if the child is in high school when they turn 18. However, this does not happen automatically. The child support agency in which the paying parent lives may contact the parent and then move to end the child support obligation officially in court.
However, in the end, the burden is on the parents to make sure child support terminates at the appropriate time. If the county child support agency does not do anything on behalf of the parent, the parent may need to file a motion in court to get a court order terminating child support.
How to Get Child Support Arrears Dismissed
Sometimes, a person may fall behind on their basic child support obligations. If a noncustodial parent who pays child support owes unpaid support when child support ends, they remain responsible for paying off the arrears. The order for the unpaid amount may still be enforced. The debt for past unpaid support is not eliminated. It is unlikely that a person would be able to get child support arrears dismissed.
Under certain limited circumstances, a court might relieve a person of their obligation to pay past-due child support. A person would have to go to court and make a motion to dismiss child support arrears. However, escaping a debt for past due child support can be difficult.
If a person’s circumstances have changed and they have a legitimate reason for which they cannot pay child support, they should go to court and ask to have the amount of the support they pay reduced.
Do I Need a Lawyer for Help with Terminating Child Support?
You may have reached the date on which your child support payment should end, or you may want to change the amount you pay because of a change in circumstances.
LegalMatch.com can put you in touch with an Arkansas child support lawyer who can analyze your case and help you make any changes to your support order that may fit your new life circumstances. Your lawyer can end support payments if the circumstances justify that.
